From: Vitamin D deficiency in patients with cystic fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
First author | Year | Country | Study population | Sex | Age | N | Number of individuals with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency (%) | Number of individuals with normal vitamin D levels (%) | Deficiency or insufficiency | 25OHD assay | Season adjust | Seasonality | QA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cemlyn-Jones et al. [33] | 2008 | Portugal | CF | Both | 26.3 ± 8 | 22 | 4 (18) | 18 (81.8) | Normal range (10 to 60 ng/mL) | – | NO | Study carried out over a six-month period | 7 |
Chirita-Emandi et al. [34] | 2017 | UK | CF children that had at least one DXA scan performed over a period of 10 years | Both | 12.04 ± 1.89 | 94 | 37 (39) | 34 (36) | Insufficiency 25–50 nmol/L | Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) using commercial standard in human serum (Chromsystems, München, Germany) | NO | – | 7 |
Coriati et al. [36] | 2015 | Canada | CF | Both | 27.5 ± 8.8 | 178 | 103 (57.86) | 75 (42.14) | Deficiency\insufficient (suboptimal) < 75 nmoL/L | High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (TQ Detector, Waters, Milford, MA, USA) | – >  | All those who had a 25(OH)D value measured at the same time were included in our study | 6 |
Ciuna et al. [35] | 2019 | Romania | CF | – | – | 58 | 43 (75) | 15 (24) | 25 nmol/l is generally regarded as the lower limit of normal | liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry | NO | – | 7 |
Bellini et al. [32] | 2021 | USA | CF | Both | 11.2 ± 3.6 | 75 | 17 (23) | 58 (76) | Deficiency 10–30 ng/mL, insufficiency (30- 50 ng/mL | – | NO | Winter, Spring | 6 |
Aziz et al. [31] | 2021 | Pakistan | CF | Both | 9.45 ± 4.57 | 69 | 22 (31.88) | 19 (27.53) | Deficient < 20 ng/ml | A radioimmunoassay kit | NO | All 4 seasons | 7 |
Grey et al. [39] | 2015 | USA | CF | Both | 12.6 ± 2.9 | 81 | 75 (95) | 6 (5)  < 20–40 mg/dl | 25 OHD < 10 = LOW 25 OHD > 18 = Normal | – | Yes | May to October) and November to April), | 7 |
Elkin et al. [35] | 2001 | UK | CF | Both | 28 ± 8 | 104 | 86 (83) | 18 [17] | Marginal (10.0–18.0) | – | Yes | Significantly higher values were found in the summer and autumn | 6 |
39 (36) | 18 (17) |  ≤ 0 nmol/l insufficient | – | Yes | Significantly higher values were found in the summer and autumn | 6 | |||||||
Gordon et al. [38] | 2007 | USA | CF | Both | 31.4 ± 9.1 | 64 | 25 (39) | 39 (60) |  < 25 nmol/l deficiency | by radioimmunoassay (Diasorin, Stillwater, MN) | Yes | The deficiency was more common during winter: 12 cases identified with mean 25OHD for winter participants of 29.5 ± 20.2 nmol/L vs one case during summer with mean 25OHD for summer participants of 59.8 ± 23.5 nmol/L (P < 0.001) | 7 |
Haworth et al. [41] | 1999 | UK | CF | Both | 25.3 ± 7.1 | 139 | 53 (38) | – |  < 37.5 nmol/L | – | No | All 4 seasons | 7 |
30 (22) | – |  < 15 ng/ml insuf | – | – | – | 6 | |||||||
10 (7) | – |  < 10 ng/ml def | – | – | – | 7 | |||||||
Gupta et al. [40] | 2017 | India | CF | Both | 12.8 ± 25.9 | 52 | 12 (23.1) | 3 (5.77) | In patients with cystic fibrosis, total 25-OH-vitamin D levels below 30 were considered sub-optimal | 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) was measured using chemiluminescent immunoassay (DiaSorin LIAISON, Minnesota, USA) | NO | – | 7 |
37 (71.2) | 3 (5.77) | 15–19 ng/mL insufficient | 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) was measured using chemiluminescent immunoassay (DiaSorin LIAISON, Minnesota, USA) | NO | – | 6 | |||||||
McCauley et al. [42] | 2013 | USA | CF | Both | 8 ± 1 | 28 | 3 (11) | 24 (86) | Deficiency < 30 ng/mL | Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry | NO | All 4 seasons | 7 |
8 ± 1 | 28 | 1 (4) | 24 (86) | Sufficient (> 30 mg/L), insufficient (20–29 mg/L) | liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry | NO | All 4 seasons | ||||||
12 ± 0.75 | 47 | 15 (32) | 27 (56) | Deficient (< 20 mg/L) | Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry | NO | All 4 seasons | ||||||
12 ± 0.75 | 47 | 5 (11) | 27 (56) | Sufficient (> 30 mg/L), insufficient (20–29 mg/L) | Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry | NO | All 4 seasons | ||||||
16 ± 0.75 | 51 | 14 (27) | 30 (58) | Deficient (< 20 mg/L) | Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry | NO | All 4 seasons | ||||||
16 ± 0.75 | 51 | 7 (14) | 30 (58) | Sufficient (> 30 mg/L), insufficient (20–29 mg/L) | Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry | NO | All 4 seasons |