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Table 3 Characteristic of participants across quintiles of dietary pattern scores

From: Dietary patterns and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in China’s multi-ethnic regions

 

Sichuan Basin

*

Yunnan–Kweichow Plateau

*

Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

*

Q1

Q5

Q1

Q5

Q1

Q5

Age

51.67 (11.08)

47.69 (10.73)

 

47.55 (11.44)

51.40 (10.11)

 

49.54 (10.86)

50.13 (10.98)

 

Male sex (%)

4470 (33.7)

5662 (42.6)

 

3279 (24.7)

7022 (52.9)

 

3316 (25.0)

6611 (49.8)

 

Han majority (%)

3763 (28.3)

11,311 (85.2)

 

8627 (65.0)

7347 (55.3)

 

6362 (47.9)

6766 (51.0)

 

Rural residents (%)

11,572 (87.2)

5295 (39.9)

 

6332 (47.7)

10,605 (79.9)

 

9221 (69.5)

9399 (70.8)

 

Physical activity (METs-h/day)a

29.56 (20.03)

24.43 (15.74)

 

21.24 (14.84)

30.18 (19.01)

 

28.41 (18.43)

26.51 (18.55)

 

With central obesityb (%)

4198 (31.7)

3413 (25.8)

 

3905 (29.5)

3378 (25.5)

 

3331 (25.1)

4857 (36.7)

 

Education level

         

No formal school

6050 (45.6)

1131 (8.5)

 

3124 (23.5)

3583 (27.0)

 

3990 (30.1)

4154 (31.3)

 

Primary school

4059 (30.6)

2301 (17.3)

 

2083 (15.7)

4619 (34.8)

 

3227 (24.3)

3661 (27.6)

 

Middle and high school

2776 (20.9)

7010 (52.8)

 

5130 (38.6)

4582 (34.5)

 

4597 (34.6)

4296 (32.4)

 

University

390 (2.9)

2834 (21.3)

 

2939 (22.1)

492 (3.7)

 

1462 (11.0)

1165 (8.8)

 

Annual income (%)

         

< ¥12,000

3722 (28.1)

1043 (7.9)

 

1391 (10.5)

2876 (21.7)

 

2860 (21.6)

2013 (15.2)

 

¥12,000–19999

3253 (24.5)

1508 (11.4)

 

2039 (15.4)

2783 (21.0)

 

2573 (19.4)

2721 (20.5)

 

¥20,000–59999

4718 (35.6)

4570 (34.5)

 

4585 (34.6)

5290 (39.9)

 

4566 (34.4)

5145 (38.8)

 

¥60,000–99999

1018 (7.7)

2857 (21.6)

 

2447 (18.5)

1339 (10.1)

 

1732 (13.1)

1767 (13.3)

 

¥100,000–199999

454 (3.4)

2475 (18.7)

 

2110 (15.9)

790 (6.0)

 

1281 (9.7)

1233 (9.3)

 

 > ¥200,000

99 (0.7)

801 (6.0)

 

683 (5.2)

179 (1.4)

 

246 (1.9)

383 (2.9)

 

Occupation (%)

         

Primary industry

7280 (54.9)

2014 (15.2)

 

2411 (18.2)

7471 (56.3)

 

5177 (39.0)

5016 (37.8)

 

Secondary industry

659 (5.0)

1310 (9.9)

 

774 (5.8)

1145 (8.6)

 

1075 (8.1)

796 (6.0)

 

Tertiary industry

3818 (28.8)

6407 (48.3)

 

6722 (50.7)

3099 (23.3)

 

5099 (38.4)

4662 (35.1)

 

Unemployed

1508 (11.4)

3534 (26.6)

 

3359 (25.3)

1557 (11.7)

 

1912 (14.4)

2794 (21.1)

 

Smoking status (%)

         

Never

10,623 (80.0)

9638 (72.6)

 

11,617 (87.5)

8248 (62.1)

 

11,301 (85.1)

9018 (67.9)

 

Previous

2268 (17.1)

2946 (22.2)

 

1292 (9.7)

4337 (32.7)

 

1651 (12.4)

3526 (26.6)

 

Current

385 (2.9)

692 (5.2)

 

367 (2.8)

691 (5.2)

 

324 (2.4)

732 (5.5)

 

Without family history of CVDc (%)

10,486 (79.0)

7975 (60.1)

 

8576 (64.6)

9668 (72.8)

 

9395 (70.8)

9459 (71.2)

 

Menopaused (%)

         

Premenopause

3814 (28.7)

4667 (35.2)

 

5992 (45.1)

2906 (21.9)

 

5077 (38.2)

3506 (26.4)

 

Perimenopause

602 (4.5)

537 (4.0)

 

647 (4.9)

465 (3.5)

 

734 (5.5)

432 (3.3)

 

Post-menopause

4389 (33.1)

2410 (18.2)

 

3357 (25.3)

2883 (21.7)

 

4149 (31.3)

2726 (20.5)

 

Without insomnia

7238 (54.7)

7917 (59.9)

 

7988 (60.4)

7641 (58.0)

 

7234 (54.7)

7938 (60.1)

 

Energy intake (Kcal/day)

10,775.52 (3,871.93)

15,921.89 (4,445.82)

 

11,860.37 (4,085.58)

16,475.08 (4,451.20)

 

10,953.17 (3,762.20)

16,410.08 (4,613.38)

 

Heavy alcohol intake e (%)

489 (3.7)

1250 (9.4)

 

98 (0.7)

2397 (18.1)

 

248 (1.9)

1333 (10.0)

 

Married or cohabit (%)

11,676 (87.9)

11,962 (90.1)

 

11,755 (88.5)

11,998 (90.4)

 

11,672 (87.9)

12,091 (91.1)

 
  1. CVD cardiovascular disease
  2. Q: represent the quintile of dietary pattern score
  3. *All p values are < 0.05
  4. aMETs-h/day: hours of metabolic equivalent tasks per day